Neuroinfectious
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Parasitic CNS Infections
CNS parasitic involvement is associated with high morbidity and mortality. • Depending on the infection stage, location, and host immunization, CNS parasitic infections can cause local or widespread damage
CNS Infection prophylaxis in Immunocompromised
Central nervous system (CNS) infections are uncommon amongst the immunocompetent population. A state of immuno-incompetency increases susceptibility of the CNS to infection. CNS infections incur serious burden on the morbidity and mortality of cancer patients
Viral Encephalitis
Encephalitis is defined as the inflammation of the brain parenchyma. The inflammatory changes can lead to headache, stiffness in neck, sensitivity to light, confusion, seizures and focal neurologic deficits. Viral encephalitis is the most common type of encephalitis and often coexists with viral meningitis.
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Fungal Meningitis
The worldwide incidence of cryptococcal meningitis alone in HIV/AIDS patients was estimated at 223,100 cases per year worldwide. CSF analysis plays a vital role in making diagnoses in patients with fungal meningitis. For Prevention, the immunocompromised individual must take measures as they are more prone to have fungal meningitis.
Bacterial Meningitis
The classic triad for bacterial meningitis includes Fever, Neck stiffness, and Altered mental status, however, it is present in less than 50% of the patients with bacterial meningitis. Proof of bacteria in CSF by either Gram staining or positive culture is key to the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. Delayed initiation of antibiotic therapy has been shown to significantly increase mortality and adverse outcomes at 3 months.